Resveratrol - Cardiovascular

Resveratrol-Cardiovascular

RESVERATROL is being hailed as the most promising nutritional discovery in modern times. It is a powerful anti-oxidant that is produced from the skin of red grapes, Japanese knotweed root, and other plant sources and can help prevent free radical damage over the human body and provide better support to the blood vessels caused particularly by elevated levels of blood glucose.
While additional studies are needed, research to date suggests that resveratrol has a promising future as a supplement that can provide a number of health benefits. For this reason, we have put together this site to look at cardiovascular disease and examine if resveratrol can help in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovalar Disease
Cardiovascular disease or CVD is it is know is a disease of the arteries that can affect blood supply to the heart, also to the brain, or to the peripheral arteries supplying other regions of the body. The major underlying cause of cardiovascular disease has been associated with atherosclerosis. This is the build-up of fatty deposits within the walls of arteries that restricts the flow of blood.
When these arteries become thickened, blood flow to the supply area is restricted. This thickening which is called atherosclerosis is due to the presence of plaques, predominately made up of fatty material that has hardened. Coronary heart disease can be experienced in the form of a heart attack or angina. Angina is a pain in the chest brought on by exercise or emotion. It can be mild or severe and generally lasts less than 10 minutes. A heart attack causes similar pain but lasts longer and can be fatal. Angina is caused by the narrowing of the blood vessels to the heart muscle. A heart attack results when one of those vessels is badly blocked by a blood clot.
A stroke on the other hand can result if blood supply to the brain is interrupted.
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the world’s largest killers with approx 18 million lives been lost to this disease each year.

Smoking, an unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol use as well as poor physical activity can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Cardiovascular disease occurs almost equally in men and women. The risk with women is particularly high after menopause. While heart attacks and strokes are major killer’s measures can be taken to help prevent them.

Resveratrol and Cardiovascular Disease
Resveratrol is a Polyphenol which possess antioxidant as well as free radical scavenging ability. Some of these properties of polyphenols may explain their protective effects on the cardiovascular system. The much mentioned "French Paradox", concerning the immunity of the French to CHD, appears to be as a result of the resveratrol in red wine and the custom of the French of drinking wine with their meals which contributes to the low incidences of coronary heart disease in France, despite the high dietary intake of saturated fats.
Resveratrol has been the focus of a recently commissioned EU-project called MAREK MURIAS (Impact of biotransformation of dietary anti oxidative on their human health benefits). The EU project aims to evaluate, among other things, the ant oxidative/free radical scavenging ability and anti proliferative/cancer chemo preventive effects of resveratrol glucuronides and sulphates generated and isolated from human liver microsomes.
Although reported biological data indicate that resveratrol is a highly promising cardiovascular protective agent, more studies are needed to establish its bioavailability and in vivo cardio protective effects.
How might you reduce the possibility of occurrence?
The lower rate of CVD in Southern Europe suggested a link between people eating
a traditional Mediterranean diet and the prevention of CVD. In fact, the
Mediterranean diet has become a cultural model for dietary improvement.
People with poor nutrition habits and those who are obese have a higher risk for heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and other chronic diseases and conditions such as diabetes. So by eating at least 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day appears to help in keeping the body healthy..
Reducing the amount of salt in food is also seen as preventing heart disease
Smokers have twice the risk of heart attack as non-smokers . Lack of Physical Activity can be another contributor .People that are not exercising have twice the risk of heart disease as those who are physically active. Being overweight increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes.Heart attacks and strokes are major killers but can be prevented in most cases
Treatment for Cardiovascular disease
The traditional approach is medication and surgery, Angiograms, bypass surgery, and angioplasty . Emergency coronary angiography and coronary balloon angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, or PTCA) are available in hospitals equipped with a full-service cardiac catheterization laboratory. This is the most direct method of relieving blockage in a coronary artery.
• Coronary balloon angioplasty is an extension of coronary angiography.

• A long, thin tube (catheter) is inserted in an artery in the groin or arm.

• At the tip of the catheter is a tiny, elongated balloon, which is threaded over a hair-thin guide wire into the narrowed coronary artery.

• Once the balloon is positioned at the blockage in the coronary artery, it is inflated.

• The balloon pushes aside the plaque and clot that are blocking the artery, allowing blood to flow more freely.

• The balloon is then deflated and removed with the catheter.
Stents: A stent is a small, spring like device that may be inserted into a coronary artery after balloon angioplasty. After the catheter and balloon are removed, the stent stays in place, holding the artery open. A stent is better than angioplasty alone at keeping the artery from narrowing again.
Atherectomy: Sometimes the plaques are too rigid, bulky, or calcified to be treated by balloon angioplasty. In these cases, the plaque often can be removed by cutting it out with a drill-like rotary blade or a laser or other tool.
Medications
If you are having a heart attack, you will almost certainly be given some or all of these medications while you are in the hospital. Some you will continue taking at home.
• Intravenous (IV) nitro-glycerine has been shown to improve blood flow to the heart muscle by relaxing (dilating) the coronary arteries and increasing blood flow. It is usually given for 24-48 hours continuously.

• Heparin is a "blood thinner," or anticoagulant, which may be given after a heart attack. Heparin does not remove an existing clot, but it reduces the tendency of blood to clot in the coronary arteries. Some newer forms of heparin have recently been introduced that can be given as a shot instead of through an IV line.

• Beta-blockers are medications that decrease the heart rate and blood pressure. This reduces the heart's workload and thus the amount of oxygen it needs. Beta-blockers may provide immediate as well as long-term benefit for people who have a heart attack.

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may prevent repeat heart attacks and other problems when started early during a heart attack. They are especially useful in people with diabetes and those with a weakened heart muscle congestive heart failure).
Surgery
Sometimes cardiac catheterization reveals extensive coronary artery disease. In such cases, you will need to undergo coronary bypass surgery.
• Standard coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is performed if many coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked. This is especially recommended when the left main coronary artery shows significant blockage. This is "open heart surgery," meaning that the chest wall is opened. When performing a bypass, heart surgeons use sections of the mammary artery from the chest or veins from the legs to create detours around the blocked arteries. For this surgery, you will be connected to a bypass pump, which does the work of the heart during the operation. Although this sounds dangerous, this surgery is considered very safe and has a very low rate of complications.

• Off-pump bypass surgery: Sometimes the surgeon can perform open heart surgery without using a bypass pump. The heart continues to beat during surgery. This type of surgery has even fewer complications than the standard procedure but is not always feasible.

• Minimally invasive coronary bypass: If just the front or the right coronary artery needs bypass, the bypass may be performed via a small keyhole-type incision without a large incision in the chest. The internal mammary artery is used for the bypass.

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